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Death threat from boyfriend not enough ground for asylum, says High Court

09 October 2023

The Philippines is big enough for someone feeling threatened to move to another place, says the HC

A Filipina overstayer who sought to stop her deportation to the Philippines on the ground her former boyfriend would harm or kill her if she returned, failed in her bid to challenge Immigration’s decision to reject her application to remain in Hong Kong.

B. M. Banglayan, 38, had sought leave for a judicial review against the decision of the Immigration Dirctor and affirmed by the Torture Claims Adjudication Board in January 2019, to deny her non-refoulement application, or against being sent back home.

Banglayan arrived as a tourist in Hong Kong on Aug. 12, 2015 and overstayed, but was arrested by the police on Sept. 22 of  the same year.

PINDUTIN PARA SA DETALYE

While being investigated by the Immigration Department she filed a claim for non-refoulement, saying that if she was returned to the Philippines  she would be harmed or killed by her former boyfriend for leaving him and putting an end to their relationship.

She was released on recognizance while her claim was being determined.

According to the applicant, she was born and raised in Sagada, Mountain Province in the Philippines. After leaving school she began dating her boyfriend who ran a garment business in Baguio Cty.


PINDUTIN PARA SA DETALYE

In 2012 she went to Singapore to work as a domestic helper and on her return to the Philippines two years later her boyfriend proposed to her and they agreed to live together in Baguio City before getting married.

While staying in his home, Banglayan said she found out that her boyfriend was a drug addict and a drug dealer so she decided to leave him. But when she told him that she did not want to go ahead with the wedding her boyfriend got angry and beat her up.

After another beating she decided to flee to her sister’s house, and later to Palawan. But when she heard that her boyfriend was still looking for her she decided to leave the Philippines on Aug 17, 2015 and sought refuge in Hong Kong.

Pindutin dito

Following a hearing of her claim for non-refoulement, the Immigration Director rejected the applicant’s application on Mar 29, 2018 on all the applicable grounds, including risk of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment; and of her rights being violated under Article 2 of the Bill of Rights.

In his decision, the Director said he found no substantial grounds to believe that there was any real threat to her life at the hands of her former boyfriend due to the low intensity and frequency of past ill-treatment from him, or that he was still after her in all the years that she was away from the country.

In any event it was a private relationship dispute between them that could be addressed by the applicant seeking state or police protection, said the Director.

Further, with the Philippines having more than 300,000  kilometers of territory and a large population of 104 million it was reasonable to assume that the applicant could relocate elsewhere to get away from the perceived threat from her boyfriend.

The applicant appealed the judgment to the TCAB but after an oral hearing, the Board decided to affirm the Director’s decision and dismiss her appeal.

Subsequently Banglayan filed for permission for a judicial review of the Board’s decision but cited no new ground.

As such, Judge Bruno Chan declined her application, saying that in the absence of any error of law or irrationality or procedural unfairness in the Board’s decision-making process being clearly identified, “there could be no reasonably arguable basis for her intended challenge.”

Judge Chan also reiterated the Director’s finding that the applicant was not entitled to protection from Hong Kong because the risk of harm she claimed was a localized one and it was not unreasonable to assume that it was safe for her to relocate to other parts of the Philippines 


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